Dongfeng small Freka 5M3 manure suction truck

Dongfeng freika guoliu septic truck adopts the new Dongfeng D6 series cab with a 3308mm wheelbase. It is equipped with a variety of diesel engines, including guoliu (guovi) Yunnei 126 HP, FAW Xichai 110 HP, Yuchai 140 HP, Qingfa 163 HP, chaochai 129 and 142 HP, WanLiYang 5-speed gearbox, 3.5t rear axle, 7.00R16 steel tire, ABS, standard electric window, central lock, remote key, daytime running light, automatic lock down, air break brake, and instantaneous fuel consumption, Full sense of technology, more comfortable driving, in line with the new regulations of GB7258.

Description of the special performance of the septic truck: the septic truck is equipped with a high-power special vacuum pump, which can be self-priming and self draining. It can suck feces, sewage, sewage slurry and liquid mixed with small suspended debris. It is widely used in large, medium and small towns, environmental sanitation, municipal administration, agriculture, chemical industry, factories and mining enterprises, schools, property communities and other places. The vertical suction range of the vacuum excrement suction pump can reach 7m, and the horizontal suction range can reach more than 50m. The tank head is reinforced, and the tank body is designed with anti wave plate and reinforcing rib. The high-pressure gas leak test is used to detect, without deformation.

Working principle of the sewage and dung suction truck: it is transmitted to the vacuum pump through the rotation of the power take-off of the gearbox. During the dung suction, the vacuum pump extracts the air in the sealed tank to form a negative pressure, and the dirt is sucked into the tank through the dung suction pipe. During defecation, the vacuum pump will suck the air outside the tank into the tank, and use the air pressure to discharge the dirt out of the tank. Operating system of vacuum manure suction truck: the sewage in the tank can be self absorbed and self discharged by operating the handle of the multi-way reversing valve (four-way valve).

The septic truck is mainly composed of:It is composed of tank body, vacuum pump, power take-off, four-way valve, water gas separator, oil gas separator, oil return tank, direction rotating arm and locking mechanism.  

1. Septic tank

The tank body is the main body of the septic truck. The tank body is made of 5mm-6mm thick carbon steel special volume plate. The top of the tank is provided with air holes (with anti overflow valve inside), manholes and suction and discharge holes. The air hole is connected with the water gas separator and is the channel for air to enter and leave the tank. The manhole is sealed at ordinary times and can be opened during maintenance. The suction and discharge hole is connected with the passage of fecal liquid into and out of the tank on the fecal suction hose.

Walking platforms are set in the middle of both sides of the tank, which are usually used to place the fecal suction hose. Anti sway plates are installed inside the tank to reduce the damage to the tank and its frame connection parts caused by the violent sloshing impact of the liquid caused by the vehicle running. The front head is equipped with a dung tube to monitor the loading capacity and prevent overloading. A gravity valve is set at the bottom of the rear head, which is normally sealed. When cleaning the tank, the ball valve can be opened to let the sewage flow out by itself.

The tank body is rigidly connected and installed on the frame. A buffer pad is set between the two to reduce the damage to the tank body caused by vehicle vibration.

2. Vacuum pump of septic truck

The vacuum pump of the septic truck is the key component of the septic truck. It mainly works with the power take-off, three-way four position valve, etc. to realize vacuum pumping and pressurization to the tank.

At present, the single-stage rotary oil seal vacuum pump is commonly used on the septic truck, which has the characteristics of convenient installation, high vacuum degree and high efficiency.

The vacuum pump is mainly composed of the pump body, rotor and its components, pump shell, rotating disc, slip ring, bearing cover and sealing device. The rotor is a vulnerable part. In order to facilitate disassembly and repair, the rotary center of the rotor deviates from the center of the pump body.

Its working principle is that the eccentric rotor is driven by the power take-off to suck the tank into the compression chamber. When the pressure exceeds the specified value at the exhaust port, the compression chamber will automatically open to discharge the compressed air. In this way, the air inside the tank will be extracted and recycled repeatedly, and a vacuum will be formed inside the tank.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the vacuum pump and avoid pollution, the oil-gas separator and water-gas separator are also installed during the production of the septic truck to filter the water vapor and oil-gas in the compressed gas.

3. Power take-off of septic truck

The operation of the power take-off of the septic truck is driven by the engine through the power take-off and the transmission shaft. The power take-off is installed on the left or right side of the transmission, and the upper part of the operating handle is located on the middle plate of the cab.

The power take-off is composed of an input gear, an input shaft, an intermediate gear, an intermediate shaft, an output shaft, an output gear, a fork shaft, a fork, and an operating handle.

The input gear and the transmission output gear are constant mesh pairs. Before starting the vacuum pump, turn the transmission output gear into a normally meshed pair. Before starting the vacuum pump, put the transmission into neutral, then start the engine, release the clutch, and open the power take-off switch. At this time, the fork shaft moves forward, and the fork drives the output gear to slide on the output shaft and mesh with the intermediate gear. The output shaft is transmitted to the input gear by the spline and the output gear, and the intermediate gear is transmitted to the output gear, and then transmitted to the transmission shaft by the output coupling. So as to drive the vacuum pump to rotate.

4. Four way valve of septic truck

The vacuum pump can only be rotated anticlockwise (facing the front of the vehicle). To calmly inhale air in the tank or discharge air into the tank, a four-way valve is required.

The four-way valve is respectively connected with the tank, vacuum pump and oil return tank. The four-way valve is provided with a clapboard. Change the suction direction of the vacuum pump. When the four-way valve connects the tank with the vacuum pump, the manure truck will discharge.

5. Water gas separator of septic truck

The water gas separator is located at the front top of the tank, and the rear is connected to the tank. The utility model is internally provided with a gas transmission pipe, and rectangular holes are opened on both sides of the pipe to supply air into and out of the tank. During the suction operation, the air in the tank comes out of the rectangular hole, the volume suddenly expands, and the flow rate decreases, which separates the water molecules from the air, reducing its harm to the lubricating oil and machine parts.

6. Oil gas separator of septic truck

The compressed air discharged from the vacuum pump has a high speed and carries a large number of oil drops when it breaks through the oil film. An oil-gas separator is set to reduce oil consumption and prevent pollution. The oil-gas separation is located in the middle right of the dung truck frame. The vacuum pump is connected to the front and the oil tank is connected to the rear. The oil-gas separation is provided with a baffle pipe. When the compressed air enters, its volume suddenly expands, the flow rate decreases, the flow direction changes, and it flows out through the porous retaining pipe. Due to the reduced flow rate of oil and gas molecules, the impact on the vessel wall and hole wall intensifies. A part of heavy oil molecules are attached to the vessel wall, condensing button shaped oil droplets, flowing into the return tank along the vessel wall and the overflow pipe, and the compressed air after initial purification flows above the return tank.

7. Septic truck return tank

The oil return tank is located in the right middle of the frame, with an oil-gas separator on the left and a four-way valve on the right.

The oil return tank is equipped with an oil screen, and the inlet and outlet are not connected. At this time, the compressed air from the oil-gas separator must pass through multiple obstacles before it can be discharged to the four-way valve. Due to the sudden doubling of the volume of the oil return tank, the air flow rate is significantly reduced, and the obstacles such as the oil screen, the oil molecules in the compressed air intensify the impact, adhere to the inner wall and the mesh surface, and then flow to the bottom. The purified compressed air flows to the four-way valve.

A through cock is set under the oil return tank to control the lubricating oil leaves supplied to the vacuum pump. A liquid level pipe is also set to observe the oil storage and oil quality.

8. Direction rotating arm of manure suction truck

The directional rotating arm is located at the rear top of the container. It is composed of a suspender seat, a connecting pipe counterweight block, a support frame, etc. the front is connected with a fecal suction hose, and the rear can run through the straw suspender seat. The suspender can rotate 360 degrees. As the counterweight block is set, it can bear the labor intensity of the fecal suction pipe. The bending angle of the connecting pipe at both ends of the support pipe is 90, and the outer diameter of the bending pipe is provided with a ceramic cleaning hole, which is usually sealed. When the fecal suction rubber pipe or the straw is blocked, the cover of the ceramic cleaning hole can be opened to remove the blockage.

9. Locking mechanism of manure suction truck

The locking mechanism is mainly composed of a fixed device, which is used to ensure the sealing of the cleaning hole cover. The fixing device is located at the lower part of the right middle of the frame and is mainly composed of an operating rod, a locking pin, a positioning plate, etc. the two are connected by a pull rod, a threaded fork joint, etc. When the operating rod moves backward, the pull rod moves forward, and the rotating shaft drives the plate arm to swing counterclockwise, so that the cleaning hole cover tightly blocks the cleaning hole to achieve the purpose of sealing. The operating rod is provided with a locking pin, a spring, a pull rod and a pinch handle. When the control lever moves backward and the locking lock slides into the positioning groove along the outer ring of the positioning plate, it is pushed into the positioning groove by the spring at the rear end. Because the five sides of the locking pin are constrained, it cannot be ejected. The positioning groove can ensure that the rod will not be weighed after bumping due to vibration during driving, so as to realize the tightening function.